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Patient Testing Procedures: Cardiology



Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Patient Information
During the next twelve weeks we will:
  1. Monitor your heart rate and blood pressure.
  2. Teach you correct use of the equipment.
  3. Answer your questions.
  4. Discuss your concerns.
  5. Give you information about heart disease.
  6. Assist you in developing safe activity guidelines.
  7. Include your family in the teaching, when they come with you to the session.
Low-Level Program
  1. 3 weeks - 6 sessions - 2 days a week
  2. Telemetry monitored (you will wear a heart monitor)
DATE TIME DATE TIME
________________ ___________ ________________ ___________
________________ ___________ ________________ ___________
________________ ___________ ________________ ___________


High-Level Program
  1. Three days a week
  2. Exercise longer and at a harder workload
  3. May or may NOT wear a heart monitor
  4. Length of program varies
Supervision
You will be supervised by registered nurses trained in cardiac rehabilitation, cardiac life support and exercise. If a problem arises, the RN will contact a doctor.

General Instructions
  1. Notify the Center if you are not able to come to exercise. IF YOU DO NOT FEEL WELL, it is best to rest at home.
  2. Tell the staff if you: a) forget to take your medicine, b) you stop taking medicine, c) your medicine dose changes.
  3. Do not eat 1 1/2 - 2 hours before you exercise.
  4. Do not take stimulants (coffee, tea, cigarettes) 2 hours before or after exercising.
  5. Tell the staff if you experience feelings of being winded, chest pain, chest tightness, nausea or anything that causes you to be concerned. Report the symptoms when they occur - do not wait until after you are done exercising.
  6. Report any muscle soreness or tiredness that lasts over 24 hours.
  7. Report a few minutes earlier than your scheduled time - you can then start to exercise on time. It is important that you START and END on time.
  8. Wear or bring appropriate clothing

    Women: Wear a bra, loose fitting top and slacks, sweat pants or shorts. Avoid one piece garments and pantyhose.
    Men: Wear gym shorts, Bermuda shorts, sweat pants or a pair of loose fitting, light-weight pants.

    Shoes: It's very important that you wear good walking shoes or sneakers.

    There are dressing rooms with showers and lockers available. Please notify the staff if you are going to shower. You may lock your valuables in the lockers, but you must provide your own lock.
Parking Garage
  1. Half-price ($.50) tokens are available for program participants. Inquire with the staff.
  2. Take the elevator to the 2nd Floor of the Outpatient Center at Altoona Hospital Campus.
  3. Remember the color of your parking level.
Appointment Policy
  1. You are scheduled for a one (1) hour appointment each time you come to the Center. PLEASE NOTIFY THE STAFF IF YOU CANNOT ATTEND YOUR EXERCISE SESSION.
  2. Please attend regularly to obtain the greatest benefit to your health.
Bad Weather
  1. We do not want you shoveling snow or traveling in bad weather!
  2. If weather conditions make travel hazardous, please do not come to your scheduled appointment.
For questions or more information, call (814) 889-2173

Hours: 7 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday





Exercise Nuclear Stress Test Information
Note: Patient must read the following information three days prior to test.

Patient Information
Please sign in with the outpatient registration desk 30 minutes prior to your scheduled test, unless the Patient Access Department called you to preregister.

A nurse practioner or a physician, a trained technician and nuclear medical technologist, will be present for the test.

Why Have an Exercise Nuclear Stress Test?
  • Your doctor can learn the condition of your coronary arteries (the blood vessels that carry blood to your heart muscle).
  • To determine an acceptable, safe heart-rate zone for increased physical activity or exercise.
  • To evaluate how your heart and blood pressure respond to increasing levels of walking and/or exercise.
  • To evaluate medications used to control angina if present.
  • To determine if angina will occur when you walk or exercise.
  • The Nuclear portion of this test helps to differentiate between ischemia (heart muscle in need of oxygen) and infarction (damaged heart muscle).
  • Purpose of the Test
  • Assesses amount of blood reaching the heart muscle.
  • Determine locations and size of injured muscle after a heart attack.
  • Identifies narrowing of arteries.
  • Evaluates how bypass grafted vessels work after surgery.
  • Evaluates the effectiveness of anti-anginal medicine and/or balloon angioplasty.
  • What Abnormal Results May Indicate
  • Ischemia (heart muscle in need of oxygen)
  • Myocardial infarction (heart attack, damage to heart muscle).
  • Closure or narrowing of coronary arteries after bypass surgery.
  • Patency of coronary arteries after balloon angioplasty.
  • How Should I Prepare For The Test?
  • Nothing by mouth after midnight. Diabetics should consult with their doctor regarding insulin and food intake.
  • Do not take any cardiac or blood pressure medications the morning of the test. Bring all medicine with you. Check with your physician regarding other medications.
  • Do not eat any foods, drink any beverages or take any medications that contain caffeine for 24 hours prior to the test. A few examples are listed below:
  • All forms of coffee (including caffeinated and decaffeinated).
  • All forms of tea (including caffeinated and decaffeinated).
  • All chocolate drinks or foods containing chocolate.
  • All cola drinks (including sugar-free and decaffeinated).
  • Many other carbonated beverages also contain caffeine. Please check label on products.
  • Do not take any Theophylline for 24 hours before the test.
  • A few medications that contain caffeine should also be avoided 24 hours prior to test. These include Cafergot (all forms), Synalgos-DC Darvon Compound, Wigraine, Fiorinal, Excedrin and NoDoz.
  • No cream, powders or lotions on the chest.
  • The Day of the Test
  • Wear comfortable clothes and sneakers.
  • Bring your physician's order, insurance cards and social security card.
  • If you were preregistered, report to Nuclear Medicine on the 1st Floor of the Tower at Altoona Hospital Campus. If not, go to Patient Access in the lobby to register.
  • If you are a Cardiac Rehab patient, you will not exercise in Rehab.
  • No cream, powders or lotions on the chest.
  • Remove any jewelry from your neck.
  • Part One of the Test (Resting Portion)
  • You will sign permission for the test.
  • The first portion of the test is performed in Nuclear Medicine.
  • An IV will be inserted. A nuclear medical technologist will be present to inject a weak radioactive chemical.
  • Approximately 30-40 minutes after the injection, a nuclear scan will be done in which a camera takes pictures of the heart at different angles every 30 seconds.
  • This portion of the test takes approximately 15 minutes.
  • Part Two of the Test
  • You will be transported to Cardiology located on the 2nd Floor of the Outpatient Center.
  • Your chest will be prepped by rubbing rigorously with an abrasive pad. This is necessary to get a good EKG tracing. The machine will not start if the tracing is poor.
  • Electrodes will be placed on your chest and connected to wires that will record your EKG during the test.
  • A blood pressure cuff will be placed on your arm to measure the rise in your blood pressure during the test.
  • You will walk on a motorized treadmill (a moving ramp).
  • Every three minutes the speed and elevation will increase.
  • The common way the test advances is according to the Bruce Protocol:

      Speed Elevation METS Time
    Stage 1 1.7 10% 5 3 min.
    Stage 2 2.5 12% 7 3 min.
    Stage 3 3.4 14% 10 3 min.
    Stage 4 4.2 16% 13 3 min.


    Stopping the Exercise Portion of This Test
    Try to walk as long as you can, but remember that the doctor can stop the test or you can stop the test.

    The Test Will Be Stopped If:
  • The EKG shows a problem (irregular heart beats, changes in the EKG).
  • The blood pressure is too high or drops with exercise.
  • You reach your predetermined target heart rate.
  • You Can Stop The Test If
  • You become tired.
  • You have leg aches or cramps.
  • You become short of breath.
  • You have any discomfort or pain.
  • When you feel you have walked as long as you can, you will be asked to continue for an additional minute.
  • At this time the radioactive chemical is injected by a nuclear medical technologist.
  • You are kept on the treadmill for an additional minute in order for the radioactive chemical to circulate.
  • Part Three
  • You will be unhooked from the EKG machine and get something to drink.
  • Report back to Nuclear Medicine on the 1st Floor of the Tower.
  • Another nuclear scan will be done in which a camera takes pictures of the heart at different angles every 30 seconds. This is similar to the first scan.
  • This portion takes approximately 15 minutes.
  • IV will be removed in Nuclear Medicine.
  • After the Test
  • Plan to spend a restful day after the test.
  • A member of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Staff will review the results with you after they receive the written report if you are a cardiac rehab patient.
  • Apply a moisturizing lotion or petroleum jelly to the chest area three times a day for two days. This will help the areas heal and reduce redness.
  • For questions or more information, call (814) 889-2102

    Hours: 7 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday





    Non-Exercise Nuclear Stress Test
    Note: Patient must read the following information three days prior to test.

    Patient Information
    Please sign in with the outpatient registration desk 30 minutes prior to your scheduled test, unless the Patient Access Department called you to preregister.

    Your doctor has recommended that you have a test to help evaluate the condition of your heart and its arteries. The results of this test will help your doctor decide what treatment is best for you. Ask your doctor about anything you don't understand or would like more information about.

    A Word About Your Heart and Coronary Artery Disease
    Your heart is an amazing pumping machine that is responsible for supplying all of the organs of your body with blood to flow through them easily. Over time, a condition called coronary artery disease can develop in which fats and other materials carried in the bloodstream begin to adhere to the artery walls. When these materials build up into a substance called plague, the arteries become narrowed or blocked, restricting blood flow through them. As a result, the heart may not receive the oxygen it needs to perform the work it is being called upon to do.

    Why Do I Need a Non-Exercise Nuclear Stress Test?
    The results of the test will help your doctor determine whether your coronary arteries have become narrowed or blocked as a result of coronary artery disease and then decide the best course of treatment.

    Some of the medicines containing theophylline that should be avoided 36-48 hours before your test include:
    SLO-BID GYROCAPS · THEO-24 · THEOPHYLLINE S.R. · THEO-DUR

    Be sure to tell the person administering the test:
  • If you have an allergy to theophylline or dipyridamole,
  • If you have asthma, chronic lung disease or any heart conditions,
  • If you have consumed any of the beverages or foods listed within 48 hours before your test,
  • If you have taken any of the medicines listed above within two days before the test.
  • What Should I Do If I'm Taking Persantine Tablets?
    If you are currently taking Persantine tablets, you may continue to do so until 48 hours prior to the test.

    What Will Happen On The Day Of The Test
  • During the test, a nurse practitioner or doctor will monitor your heart with a machine called an electrocardiogram (ECG).
  • Cardiograms will be done at one minute intervals.
  • An IV or intravenous line will be placed in your arm.
  • IV medication and a nuclear radiopharmaceutical will be given directly through this IV line. (When the test is over, the IV line will be removed.)
  • Now The Test is Ready To Begin
  • First, a special camera that can detect the nuclear pharmaceutical carried to your heart through the coronary arteries will be placed close to your chest and pictures will be taken.
  • Then you will be taken to the Cardiology Department, located on the 2nd Floor of the Outpatient Center at Altoona Hospital Campus, where you will be monitored and injected with medication. The second dose of nuclear radiopharmaceutical will also be injected at this time. Any effects felt from the injection of medication will be reversed with Aminophyline before the test is complete.
  • You will have approximately a one-hour wait. During this time, you will get something to eat and drink, and take any medication you brought with you.
  • Following this, you will report back to the waiting room in Nuclear Medicine (1st Floor, Tower) where you will have a second set of pictures lasting approximately 20 minutes. This is the end of the test. You may leave at this time. Your doctor will notify you of the results.
  • Special Considerations

    What If I Am Pregnant?
    If you are pregnant, suspect you may be or are nursing, notify your physician immediately.

    Are There Any Side Effects With This Test?
    Adverse patient reaction to the nuclear radiopharmaceutical is extremely rare. I.V. medication may cause some side effects. In most cases, these effects can be easily reversed.

    Please be sure to ask your doctor about anything that you don't understand.

    If you are taking any medicine for asthma such as theophylline or aminophylline, be sure to tell your doctor at the time the test is scheduled. Many doctors recommend that you stop taking these medications for 24-48 hours before taking the test.

    How Does The Non-Exercise Nuclear Stress Test Work?
    During the first part of the test, medication is given to expand (dilate) the coronary arteries. Arteries that have become narrowed because of coronary artery disease will not be able to expand as much as normal arteries. The nuclear radiopharmaceutical is given a few minutes after the medication. The nuclear radiopharmaceutical travels freely through the normal arteries that have been expanded by the medication and with those taken earlier, your doctor will be better able to see which areas of the heart may not be receiving sufficient blood and oxygen supply.

    How Should I Prepare For The Test?
  • Nothing by mouth after midnight. Diabetics should consult with their doctor regarding insulin and food intake.
  • Do not take any cardiac or blood pressure medications the morning of the test. Bring all medicine with you. Check with your physician regarding other medications.
  • Do not eat any foods, drink any beverages or take any medications that contain caffeine for 24 hours prior to the test. A few examples are listed below:
  • All forms of coffee (including caffeinated and decaffeinated).
  • All forms of tea (including caffeinated and decaffeinated).
  • All chocolate drinks or foods containing chocolate.
  • All cola drinks (including sugar-free and decaffeinated).
  • Many other carbonated beverages also contain caffeine. Please check label on products.
  • Do not take any Theophylline for 24 hours before the test.
  • A few medications that contain caffeine should also be avoided 24 hours prior to test. These include Cafergot (all forms), Synalgos-DC Darvon Compound, Wigraine, Fiorinal, Excedrin and NoDoz.
  • No cream, powders or lotions on the chest.
  • REMEMBER:
    The above are just a few examples of foods and medicines to be avoided. It is important to check with your doctor about any other medicines or foods you may be unsure of before taking this test.

    For questions or more information, call (814) 889-2102

    Hours: 7 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., Monday through Friday





    Regular Stress Test

    Patient Information
    Please sign in with the outpatient registration desk 30 minutes prior to your scheduled test, unless the Patient Access Department called you to preregister.

    A nurse practitioner, or a physician, and a trained technician will be present for the test.

    Be sure to take a list of your questions with you.

    Why Have the Test?
  • It is an indirect measure of how much oxygen is getting to your heart muscle.
  • Your doctor can learn the condition of your coronary arteries (the blood vessels that carry blood to your heart muscle).
  • To determine your safe activity limits.
  • To evaluate how your heart and blood pressure respond to increasing levels of work and/or exercise.
  • To determine an acceptable, safe heart-rate zone for increased physical activity or exercise.
  • To evaluate how well your medicine controls your angina (if you have angina).
  • To evaluate your improvement since your last test.
  • To assess if your angina has been relieved since surgery.
  • To determine if angina will occur when you work or exercise.
  • The Day Before the Test
  • Get a good night's rest.
  • The Day of the Test
  • Bring your physician's order, insurance cards and social security card.
  • If you were preregistered, report to Cardiology on the 2nd Floor of the Outpatient Center at Altoona Hospital Campus. If not, go to Patient Access in the lobby to register.
  • If you are a cardiac rehab patient, you will not exercise in Rehabilitation that day.
  • DO NOT:
  • Eat within two hours before test
  • Drink caffeinated beverages
  • Drink beer, wine or whiskey
  • Smoke
  • YOU MAY:
  • Drink water
  • Drink non-caffeinated beverage
  • Consult your primary physician about which heart medication to have before the test.
  • Wear comfortable clothes (exercise shorts, sweat pants, loose fitting trousers and shirt) (WOMEN - a short sleeved, front buttoned blouse makes it easier for the technician to apply the electrodes. DO NOT WEAR LONG-LINE BRAS, GIRDLES OR PANTYHOSE.)
  • Wear soft-soled shoes that give you support (sneakers or a walking shoe)
  • Before the Test
  • You will sign permission for the test.
  • Your chest will be prepped (rubbed rigorously with an abrasive pad). This is necessary to get a good EKG tracing. The machine will not start if the tracing is poor.
  • Electrodes will be placed on your chest and connected to wires that will record your EKG during the test.
  • A blood pressure cuff will be placed on your arm to measure the rise in your blood pressure during the test.
  • The Actual Stress Test
  • You will walk on a motorized treadmill (a moving ramp).
  • Every three minutes the speed and elevation will increase.
  • The common way the test advances is according to the Bruce Protocol:

      Speed Elevation METs
    Stage 1 1.7 10% 5
    Stage 2 2.5 12% 7
    Stage 3 3.4 14% 10
    Stage 4 4.2 16% 13
    Stage 5 5.0 18% 16
    Stage 6 5.5 20% 19
    Stage 7 6.0 22% 21


    Stopping the Test
    Try to walk as long as you can, but remember that the doctor can stop the test or you can stop the test.

    The Test Will Be Stopped If
  • The EKG shows a problem (irregular heart beats, changes in the EKG).
  • The blood pressure is too high or drops with exercise.
  • You reach your predetermined target heart rate.
  • You Can Stop The Test If
  • You become tired.
  • You have leg aches or cramps.
  • You become short of breath.
  • You have any discomfort or pain.
  • After The Test
  • Plan to spend a restful day after the test.
  • The Cardiac Rehabilitation Staff will review the results with you after they receive the written report if you are a Cardiac Rehab patient.
  • Apply a moisturizing lotion or petroleum jelly to the chest area three times a day for two days. This will help the areas heal and reduce redness.


  • For questions or more information, call (814) 889-2102

    Hours: 7 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday

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